Just before the recent summer solstice, I journeyed to the remote eastern interior of Alaska between the towns of Central and Circle. So remote that it is the most difficult stretch of the most difficult sled dog race in the world: the thousand mile Yukon Quest from Fairbanks, Alaska to Whitehorse, Canada. The Quest runs in
February when it is nearly always night and conditions are inhospitably harsh. I was traveling there east from Fairbanks in the always light of early summer across two tundra splayed mountain passes, then down again to tree line, and down further to sparse boreal land looking desperately for a place to refuel.
In over three hundred miles of there and back again driving from Fairbanks I saw maybe a dozen other vehicles. Solitude . . . and magic. I was not always prepared. Going fifty on the graded dirt and gravel highway I hit the brakes as a swift moose jaunted through birch and spruce and into my path. The moose corrected course magnificently: agile, big eared, and taut. We ventured parallel for a short distance as I slowed. It exited to the other side and vanished. I was better prepared for another moose and her calf ten miles down the road.
Alaska is a symbol of the notion that a quest for independence and daring should become an aspiration for all. I welcomed it, as did a confluence of Middle Americans drawn by that symbol to convene as tourists in Fairbanks.
Fervor for gold created Fairbanks as riverboats, laden with heavy supplies, were unable to head further upstream on the shallow juncture of the Tanana and Chena rivers forcing entrepreneurs on board to set up trading posts at the confluence. Later, construction of the Alaska Railroad caused a surge of economic activity and allowed heavy equipment to be brought in for further exploitation of Fairbanks' gold deposits. Then, the vast Prudhoe Bay Oil Field was discovered in Alaska's North Slope. Fairbanks became a supply point for exploitation of the oil field and for construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline.
Pioneer Park in Fairbanks has all the relics tourists want to see: a lifeless riverboat and rusty dredges in a reconstructed mining town where the early birds, in all shapes, ages, and sizes from the Lower Forty-eight, line up for the blue plate special featuring salmon bake. I had to flee. But where? Ah, the Arctic Circle. But, the well-traveled north route led to spots such as the Arctic Circle Trading Post which I imagined as a Cracker Barrel styled tourist trap along the big-rig strewn Dalton Highway.
Then I remembered on my flight in, over the glaciers and rugged mountains of southwest Alaska, how I struck up a conversation with a woman from Circle, Alaska. She had just finished a thousand mile drive from Tempe, Arizona to Lava Hot Springs, Idaho just to have its beauty in her windshield. She was on the Tribe's Council in Circle and was headed back to form a women’s basketball team there. She spoke of the joy of sitting on her porch in Circle near the banks of the Yukon River shooting grouse and ptarmigan for dinner.
Ancient burial sites of indigenous infants and children in the region between Central and Circle show naming and ensoulment. For example, two infant skeletons found there were carefully positioned on their backs alongside tools and decoratively carved antlers that had been coated with ochre, suggesting that their hunter-gatherer families mourned and ritualized their loss as we would.
Circle as in Arctic Circle. It took me a moment to register that from Fairbanks I could head northeast to reach the Arctic Circle and size up the Yukon River as well. So east I ventured, three days before the solstice, in a wonderful black Jeep Compass rented on Turo.
Surrounding Fairbanks are forests of white spruce, paper birch, and poplar trees. Spruce lay out roots sideways due to impenetrable permafrost. So, century old spruce are skinny and short. The distinctive curled bark peeling from birch hold a flammable resin - betulin. During the summer smoke descends on Fairbanks as lightning strikes ignite the birch bark and fires spread to the spruce.
It was good to get away from the smoke and crowds. I ascended the Steese Highway along the Chatanika River, up and away from Fairbanks' smoke, past the largest gold mine in Alaska, through numerous switchbacks, from asphalt to dirt and gravel up through the taiga, to the tundra of Twelvemile Summit of Pinnell Mountain, and finally down through Yukon River water shed toward Central. It is three hundred miles round-trip and not a place to be stranded on empty so I sized up Central for fuel.
On its outskirts asphalt returned and the speed limited dropped. Well-crafted homes appeared now and then off in the woods. But there were twice as many run down shantys; each with several generations of rusted vehicles strewn akimbo. One hundred and thirty years ago Central House, a roadhouse, burgeoned from needs of gold prospectors scouring the creeks of the Circle Mining District. It's progeny, Central Corner, survives.
I stopped there for gas at the lone old time pump with the sign: "Limit 5 gallons." My fueling stopped at 4.3 gallons. Puzzled and determined for five, I squeezed the trigger to get my limit not understanding that I was dousing fuel all over my shirt and jeans as my tank had topped out at 4.3. I walked inside Central Corner to pay. Really a nice spot. Locals, coffee, and family in the kitchen preparing orders. On the community board was notice of a celebration of life of four towns people recently passed. For a town with a population of 38 that seemed a lot. Mourning and ritualized loss.
I left on account of my vapors, stripped to underwear by the Jeep, and pulled on fresh clothing. Back on the road I recalled the words of a taxi driver in Fairbanks: "Solitude here can get to people. They open the door, head out, and don't come back." I now had a better understanding. And accidents get people, my fuel vapors reminded me.
A while later, I passed a three mile long burning fire break being establish along the left side of the highway, finally catching up with the weary firefighters headed back to the their trucks. And nature gets people.
The Yukon is the fifth largest river, in capacity, in the world. Around Circle it is very wide and shallow forming brilliant variegated braided channels. As I crossed a long one-lane trussed wood decked bridge I spotted several men fishing in the channel below. Again, on the outskirts of Circle were well-crafted cabins off in the woods but far more run down shantys.
A wide open lot on the banks of the Yukon presented itself for parking. I pulled in and got out. Men with chainsaws and axes were there making firewood. They bantered and greeted more townfolk arriving by ATVs. A few restaurants and a hotel were further along up the river bank. The woman on the plane had remembered daily tour buses arriving when she was young. Not now. Those buses head up the Dalton Highway to the Arctic Circle Trading Post.
I did not stay long. The journey back west along Steese Highway was just as beautiful in my windshield as before. When I got back to cell phone service in Fairbanks I scoured for online death notices of those being celebrated in Central. I did not find them. I did find these:
"Torgny was a self-sufficient man who lived a simple but full life and could also be described as somewhat stubborn. I guess you could say he was stuck in his ways. Torgny was a good son and took care of his parents in Circle until their passing and lived a simple life as a traditional Gwich'in man. He lived in the log house he built next to his parents' house. If you asked his occupation he would say, "woodsman," and he was indeed a true-blue woodsman. Torgny can be credited with keeping Circle warm by providing firewood for at least the last 60 years."
"Gene enjoyed the peace, quiet and beauty of Alaska so much he decided to stay there permanently. Around 1997 he moved to a very scenic area in the town of Central, Alaska. The population is under 100 and a home cooked meal with good conversation happens with friends at the Central Corner. Gene built his own house, hanger and a cabin on 15 acres of land. He owned and operated a gold mining business with lots of large machinery. He also would do trapping and hunting in remote areas and has a cabin in the Artic National Wildlife Refuge area. One of his favorite places to fly was over Brooks Range across Northern areas of Alaska into Canada’s Yukon territory. Gene had a pilot license, built his own runway and restored a classic green Piper airplane which he added about every cool feature on it you could imagine. He enjoyed the outdoors, flying, mining, hunting, trapping and fishing. Gene loved to take long walks and hikes with his dog. He had a black lab, Bud and then a yellow lab, Butter. He can train dogs to do just about anything, even open the refrigerator and bring you a drink."